Dickens Spirit In Behind A Christmas Carol English Literature Essay Free Essays

string(34) " a kid as like an old adult male\." A Christmas Carol was written in 1843 by Charles Dickens, who today remains the most widely known novelist of the Victorian period. Dickens was born in Portsmouth and his farther had a changeless battle to maintain order of his finance. His farther was put into prison whilst Dickens was put into a work house for the bulk of his school old ages. We will write a custom essay sample on Dickens Spirit In Behind A Christmas Carol English Literature Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now These events contributed together to give Dickens a first category position of Poverty and how the general kids of England lived during the 1800 ‘s. These subjects can be easy associated with A Christmas Carol. They had a great influence on his authorship and made him into the novelist he was. The chief character in the novel is Ebenezer Scrooge. The supporter starts off as a affluent but highly crabbed and bloody-minded concern adult male. He is the kind of individual that lone thinks of himself and no 1s else. The action of four liquors, change the manner he acts and feels and turn him into a respectful member of the community. Jacob Marley, The Ghost of Christmas Past, Present and Yet to Come all have a different consequence on Scrooge. From seeing what Scrooge was like as a immature male child, to what the hereafter awaits for him. Dickens uses different techniques and methods for each of the liquors to carry through this. Each of the liquors are besides presented otherwise because they resemble and mean different things. Dickens uses Scrooges old concern spouse, Jacob Marley, to warn Scrooge of what the hereafter holds for him unless he changes his ways. Marley is the first spirit Scrooge encounters because he is the lone individual Scrooge would swear. Marley makes a dramatic entryway and astonishes Scrooge. Marley has to look similar to what he looked like seven old ages ago, to convert Scrooge that he is existent. â€Å" The same face: the really same aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦aˆÂ ¦.. and the hair upon his caput. † Scrooge to get down with, refuses to believe that the apparition he is seeing in forepart of him is existent, despite the fact Marley has barely changed after decease. As Marley ‘s visual aspect has non truly changed, this thought easy convinces Scrooge that the apparition is truly Marley because of its similitude. Scrooge has to cognize what and who has entered his house to stalk him, so a elaborate description of Marley is needed. Scrooge first sees Marley ‘s face in the door knocker, after he has come back from a eventide repast. Merely the rich used to be able to travel out for repasts, so this shows that Scrooge is affluent and can afford expensive luxuries. In the 1800 ‘s the modern door bell was non invented so the bulk of doors had door knockers alternatively. The face on the knocker catches Scrooge ‘s attending, but when he goes back to look, the face has gone. Scrooge so comes to the decision that his eyes must hold been playing fast ones. It is non until Marley ‘s chief entryway that Scrooge believes it is truly Marley. Dickens uses onomatopoeia to depict Marley ‘s dramatic entryway. â€Å" The cellar-door flew unfastened with a flourishing sound. † The experience Scrooge has with Jacob Marley is full of suspense and tenseness. The usage of the word â€Å" flew † indicates that the engagement of Marley is dramatic. This helps to arouse fright because of its abruptness. When the reader reads it, the suspense which has been built up is released in one sentence. The onomatopoeia helps the reader to understand what the state of affairs was like for Scrooge. The cellar door could besides stand for the gap to the changing of Scrooges character. It opening could resemble another opportunity to travel down it, in other words another opportunity to alter the manner he lives his life. It is merely when Marley takes off the patch around his caput that Scrooge believes that the figure in fount of him truly is existent and is Jacob Marley. â€Å" aˆÂ ¦when the apparition taking off the patch round its caput, as if it were excessively warm to have on in-doors, its lower jaw dropped down upon its chest! Scrooge fell upon his articulatio genuss, and clasped his custodies before his face. † In the 1800 ‘s when person passed off a patch was wrapped and tied below the jaw. This was so when the organic structure decomposes the jaw skeleton is still attached to the remainder. When Scrooge sees the lowered jaw, he is shocked and in discouragement. This was cogent evidence that it was Jacob Marley and that everything he had been stating was true. Scrooge could non bear to see what had happened to his best friend. The taking off the patch evokes fear into Scrooge and makes the said much more existent and chilling. This makes Scrooge emotional to the whole visit of Jacob Marley. This tells and shows the reader that Scrooge still has some kind of bosom inside of him and it merely needs more work and recognition to get down to do Scrooge alteration. From the text Dickens has given you the thought that the Jacob Marley has non made as large of consequence as he wished. It tells us Marley wanted to do a bigger impact to Scrooge and possibly Marley had a small spot of good left in him when he died, so now he is seeking to assist his old concern spouse. Jacob Marley ‘s spirit has now left Scrooge and it is the bend of The Ghost of Christmas Past to stalk and learn Scrooge how he must alter. The Ghost of Christmas Past has heavy description and takes him back foremost to his old boarding school and several other of import topographic points. Dickens has used similes to depict the unusual expression of Ghost of Christmas Past. â€Å" It was a unusual figure – like a kid, yet non so like a kid as like an old adult male. You read "Dickens Spirit In Behind A Christmas Carol English Literature Essay" in category "Essay examples" † Scrooge can non do out the unusual expression of the shade. There is a batch of description about this first of the three liquors. The description Dickens gives for the spirit is curious proposing it is like that to assist Scrooge understand the things he is traveling to see. A simile is a different technique for the reader to take in, other than a batch of description, so this gives the novel a better flow. The spirit could be described like a kid, as this spirit is about how Scrooge used to be. The shade takes Scrooge back to when he went to get oning school, so seeing a kid like figure would give you an feeling that you are traveling to re-visit your former ego. The fact that it has the visual aspect of both a kid and old adult male, besides symbolises that the spirit is ageless. This indicated that Scrooge is in the presence of the supernatural. After much waiting and confusion over the entryway of the spirit, it all of a sudden appears in forepart of Scrooge. â€Å" Light flashed up in the room upon the blink of an eye, and the drapes of his bed were drawn. † During the 1800 ‘s cardinal warming was an point people could hold merely wished for. So they would hold a drape which went round the bed to seek and maintain the warm in and the cold out. A manus of the shade all of a sudden opens the bed curtains, this could stand for the shade opening a new chance for Scrooge to alter into a better individual. Again the shade makes a dramatic entryway, make fulling the room of visible radiation. The light make fulling the room and the gap of the drapes could resemble acquiring up at the beginning of the twenty-four hours meaning Scrooge and the shade are shortly to be busy revisiting Scrooge ‘s former ego. The spirit is described as have oning the â€Å" purest white † gown, this can be linked to several spiritual figures, the sudden detonation of visible radiation besides supports this. In that clip the bulk of English people followed some kind of the Christian faith, so it ‘s more than likely Scrooge was a Christian. Alt hough it is non mentioned in the text, Scrooges attitude suggests he is a small startled by the entryway of the unusual figure. These points combined give the feeling that Scrooge thought the first spirit was a spiritual figure as he had non encountered any of the other liquors at that point. Scrooge is reminded of the life he used to populate through the usage of the senses, in this instance odor. â€Å" A 1000 odours drifting in the air, each one connected with a 1000 ideas, and hopes, and joys, and attentions long, long, forgotten. † In this case Dickens has used the senses to depict ideas which were traveling through Scrooges head. This is a different technique which has been used, which helps to prosecute and affect the reader. The senses are a great manner to retrieve different things. Peoples associate different odors and sounds to different memories through out their lives. The Ghost of Christmas Past is all about Scrooge retrieving how he used to be and how reasonably he was before his greed for money kicked in. So for Dickens to affect the sense of odor, it is a really effectual technique. After Scrooge has met The Ghost of Christmas Past, he encounters The Ghost of Christmas Present. Scrooge recognises The Ghost of Christmas Present to be reasonably and sort, but he is still a small nervous about run intoing the spirit. â€Å" He was non the dour Scrooge he had been ; and though the Spirit ‘s eyes were clear and sort, he did non like to run into them. † Scrooge shyly enters the room the shade is in, this shows Scrooge is non yet settled with run intoing the paranormal. On the other manus, possibly he fears where the shade is traveling to take him and what it is traveling to demo him. One of the first references of this spirit is that his eyes are clear and sort, straight a manner this give the reader an thought of what the spirit is traveling to be like. Dickens uses developed and detailed description to explicate to the reader what The Ghost of Christmas Present represents. â€Å" Scrooge did as he was told, and held it fast. Holly, mistletoe, ruddy berries, Hedera helix, Meleagris gallopavos, geese, game, domestic fowl, muscle, meat, hogs, sausages, oysters, pies, puddings, fruit, and clout, all vanished immediately. So did the room, the fire, the ruddy freshness, the hr of dark, and they stood in the metropolis streets on Christmas forenoon, † One 2nd Scrooge is in his house with spirit, the following he is on a busy street. The abruptness of this event truly grips the reader, as there is a dramatic alteration in secret plan in such a little portion of text. All of the description gives the reader a elaborate image of what the scene is like and helps to understand how Scrooge could hold been experiencing. In the 1800 ‘s the meatman would hold animate beings hanging up in the store, no pre cut, packaged meat. 1800 ‘s stores would be a batch different to what they are today, so it besides gives the reader an penetration to what a Christmas used to be like. All of this nutrient could stand for the wealth which Scrooge has, as it is the Ghost of Christmas Present. The spirit points out to Scrooge a male child and a miss who ‘s household make non hold much money, but still pull off to remain happy. â€Å" They were a male child and a miss. Yellow, meagre, ragged, scowling, wolflike but flat excessively, in their humbleness. † The ragged description of the kids shows the household do non hold much money. Despite this the kids still manage to stay low and humane. Dickens has shown the kids are happy with what they have through a batch of description, chiefly adjectives, at the clip when it was written kids had to populate through poorness, so the description is highly relevant. The spirit points out how they have no money but are happy, and that he is rich and remains full of crankiness, signalling to Scrooge money is non everything. ________________________________ The last of the three liquors, is the shade of Christmas Yet to Come. This spirit is the most noticeable from the remainder. The spirit has no address at all but communicates to Scrooge through simple action such as indicating. No address confuses Scrooge and he starts to fear the shade. Dickens has personified decease for the spirit, this is represented in the manner he looks and his general motions. â€Å" The apparition easy, soberly, mutely approached. † Death comes with no warning. It is inevitable and can go on in a flash with no warning what so of all time, so decease could be described as silent. The word â€Å" easy † could be used to give the significance of from the clip your Borns, to the clip you die, it is a long clip. At the present twenty-four hours we possibly would n’t state soberly but it contains context to what was go oning at that point during the novel. The apparition does non talk, wears a black garment from caput to toe, if you saw this sort of being gravely walking towards you, you would non believe it is alive but the supernatural. This truly evokes fright into Scrooge and makes him believe truly what he has become. To the reader this besides builds up suspense and tenseness to what the spirit is traveling to make to Scrooge. Dickens has presented the concluding spirit so it has a clear representation to the inexorable harvester. â€Å" It was shrouded in a deep black garment, which concealed its caput, its face, its signifier, and left nil of it seeable salvage one outstretched manus. † The clasp harvester wears a black garment, with its face non seeable, and so does The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come. A clear comparing can be made. The term the Grim Reaper came about after the fifteenth century, so Dickens may hold taken thoughts from that. Scrooge had more than probably heard of the Grim Reaper, so he might of idea that ‘s what had visited him. What the spirit did n’t state, Scrooge got the messages through the liquors actions. The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come had a clear consequence on Scrooge as he is terrified of the spirit. â€Å" Scrooge feared the soundless form so much that his legs trembled beneath him. † The spirit has a really awful visual aspect and is used to assist Scrooge believe about what he has done. Scrooge is wholly terrified by the shade, it strikes fear into him and about forces him to believe otherwise. The concluding spirit unit of ammunitions of the work of the first two, and cements in the thoughts he has come across because of the liquors. The work of the three liquors alterations Scrooges attitude to Christmas and to those who are less fortunate as he is. He becomes a really generous individual, giving his clerk a wage rise, giving a batch of money to charity, sends Christmas repasts to unsuspicious receivers and most of all and most of import he revitalises his true Christmas spirit. By composing A Christmas Carol, I feel Dickens was seeking to direct a clear message out to society. In 1843 there were two degrees of societal position, the hapless and the rich. Devils had experienced both, so he knew what a little difference could do. He was seeking to fall in the hapless and the rich, so everybody could populate a joyful and happy Christmas. When the book was published it re-birthed the low Christmas spirit, it besides started Christmas conditions such as general good will to all. I think The Ghost of Christmas Past affected Scrooge the most, as sees how he used to populate and compares it to how he lives now. Dickens uses a different technique for this spirit, he uses a large method of utilizing the senses to stand for Scrooges past memories. Along with the senses, Dickens long and intense descriptions help the reader image the state of affairs Dickens was seeking to make. I feel overall the best technique was the description of the liquors. Dickens varies techniques make the novel much more exciting and give the book a much better flow. Different methods are needed because the different liquors have different ways of explicating to Scrooge that he must alter his ways. For illustration, The Ghost of Christmas Past has a few similes whilst The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come has no address. How to cite Dickens Spirit In Behind A Christmas Carol English Literature Essay, Essay examples

Physical Activity and Gain in Abdominal Adiposity

Question: Discuss about the Physical Activity and Gain in Abdominal Adiposity. Answer: Introduction Adult weight in Victoria has increased by approximately 40% over the last two decades and currently there are more than two million obese people (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2013f). Unless interventions at the population level are introduced to reduce obesity, life expectancy may decline which may result in a reversal where youth will have shorter lives than what their parents had (American Heart Association, 2016). In this report the prevalence of obesity in Shire council will be analysed. The prevalence of obesity in men will be discussed with the main factors that have contributed to obesity deconstructed as being low income status and mental health. An iceberg model is used in describing the contributory factors and the steps taken by the council to reverse the situation. The Victorian public health and wellbeing plan 20152019 Platform of Change on People Centered Approach has been proposed for lasting change in the Hindmarsh council. Obesity or overweight as defined by the World Health Organization is the excessive or abnormal accumulation of fat that impairs one's health.(World Health Organization, 2016).The excessive and abnormal accumulation of fat arises from energy imbalance that is sustained over a long period of time when there is excessive energy intake through drinking and eating compared to expending of energy through physical activity. Being obese or overweight increases one's risk of getting chronic disease such as CVD including stroke and heart disease, musculoskeletal conditions, type 2diabetes, some mental health and cancer conditions. The risk of mortality also increases as weight increases (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2016) WHO defines adult overweight and obesity as BMI equal or greater than 25 and 30 respectively. For children under 5 years, the weight-for-height with standard deviation of 2 and 3 above the Growth Standard Median set by WHO is considered as overweight and obese respectively. For children between 5 and 19 years, the SD is set at 1 and 2 for overweight and obesity respectively (WHO, 2016). Recent global estimates made by WHO on overweight and obesity reveal that in 2014, the total number of overweight adults aged 18 and above was 1.9 billion of whom 600 million were obese. In the same year, approximately 1% of the global population was obese (15% of women and 11% of men). 3% Of the population was overweight in 2014 (40% of women and 38% of men). The prevalence of obesity doubled over a period of 34 years in 2014. 41 million children below 5years were obese or overweight. Further, obesity and overweigh has been on the rise in middle and low income countries and more so in the urban settings(WHO,2016). The number of obese and overweight children in 2014 in Africa was approximately 10.8 million which was double the number in 1990 while in Asia close to 50% of children below 5 years were obese or overweight. In addition, mortality rates due to obesity and overweight are higher than those due to underweight. There are more people in the world that are obese than those that are underweight except in Asia and Sub Sahara Africa (WHO, 2016). In 20142015, the report by Australian Bureau of Statistics indicated that approximately 63% of adults (11.2 million) were obese or overweight- those that were overweight were approximately 63% (6.3 million) while 28% (4.9 million) were obese. 27% of children aged between 5 and 17 years were obese or overweight which means 1 in every 4 children (1milllion children) (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2015). Men had a higher percentage of obesity and overweight at 71% compare to women who were at 56%. The p aged between 65-74 years recorded at 74% (AIHW, 2016). Persons living in high economic areas had a lower prevalence compared to those in lower socio economic areas (58% and 66% respectively). Indigenous adults had high obesity and overweigh prevalence in comparison to non Indigenous in 2011 to 2013(43% and 27% respectively) (AIHW, 2016). Overweight and obesity trends in Victoria The percentage of adult persons that were obese or overweight was 63% in 2014-2015, a rise from 56% in 1995. The increase of average weight was at 4.4kgs for males and females. The BMI has seen a shift in distribution with lesser numbers of people in the overweight and normal categories and more people currently in the obese category (AIHW, 2016). The last two decades has seen adult obese and overweight prevalence increase by approximately 40% with more than two million people currently obese or overweight (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2013b). 10.5% of the country's burden of disease is because of risks that are dietary in nature with 8.5% attributed to high BMI and 4.6% due to physical inactivity (Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 2013). Dietary risks have also contributed to Australia's diabetes and coronary heart disease at 22% and 79% respectively. Of these, 33% and 71% of coronary heart disease and diabetes burden respectively are attributed to high BMI (Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 2013). Discretionary foods account for 39% of the total energy intake in children with 12% of children living in Victoria consuming sufficient vegetables and 75% consuming sufficient amounts of fruit (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014a). 24% of children in Victoria are obese or overweight with 6% and 18% being obese and overweight respectively (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2013c). Of the children aged between 5-12 years, 62% meet the sufficient physical activity guidelines(Department of Education and Training 2015b), while only 26% of Year 11, 8, and 5 children meet the said guidelines (Department of Education and Training 2015a). Discretionary foods make for 35% of adults' total energy intake with 7% of adults consuming sufficient amounts of vegetables and another 47% consuming sufficient amount of fruit (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2015). The adult population that is obese or overweight is 61% with 26% and 35% being obese and overweight respectively (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2013c). Adults that met the sufficient physical activity guidelines were 64% (Department of Health 2014c). Hindmarsh Shire Council From the table above (Hindmarsh MPHWP, 2013, p.12), it can be seen that the number of overweight and obese men in Shire council is at alarming percentages. The total number of male obese population exceeds that of Victoria by a margin of 3.7%. A global trends survey revealed that obesity was the second cause of premature death in Europe after smoking. The study also revealed that men who were overweight had a higher likelihood of dying prematurely compared to women who were overweight (BBC News, 2016). The above tables(Hindmarsh MPHWP, 2013, p.11) indicate the economic state of the people of Shire council. The population earns lesser income per individual and household in comparison to Victoria. The low income status is a contributory factor to obesity prevalence among the adults and more so the males in Shire council. How poverty contributes to obesity Low income households have a limited choice and food budget and often, they stretch their supplies to reach the end of the month when the next check will be in. This results in behaviours that are unhealthy in a number of ways(Lee, Harris, Larsen, 2009, p.505). Families will opt to purchase foods that are high in fat and energy dense such as processed meats potatoes, cereals, and sugars because these foods last longer and are more affordable than fish, lean meats, and fresh fruits(Lee,et al., 2009, p.505). Finally, economic insecurity such as struggling to pay rent and utilities bills lead to stress and the most common way of dealing with stress is through eating sugary, high fat foods (Lee,et al., 2009, p.505) Other contributory factors (besides low income)to obesity among men in Shire council include: Mental Health: This can be classified as a primary cause as seen in the iceberg model. People with depressions or anxiety disorders or depression often tend to deal with their negative feelings by eating foods high in calories (Diamond, 2010). Sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity: These can be classified as a secondary cause as seen in the iceberg model above. Physical activity is related to many health benefits (Strasser, 2013, p.141) including minimizing the chances of developing a number of chronic illnesses such as obesity (Ekelund, Besson, Luan et al., 2011, p.826),metabolic syndrome (MS)( Hahn, Halle, Schmidt et al., 2009, p.511),and cancer (Friedenreich, Neilson, Lynch, 2010, p. 2593). Poor diet-low fruit and vegetable intake: Studies have shown that increased consumption of vegetables and fruit in combination with other behaviours reduces adiposity among adults that are obe se or overweight (Ledoux, Hingle, Baranowski., 2011, p. 143). Specific Strategy in Shire council This will include raising an awareness on healthier choices of food (through social media) that are available in the community. People's knowledge of healthy food preparation will be increased and healthy meal options will be delivered through Meals on Wheels. Schools will be encouraged to use their programs and regular classes to promote healthy eating(Hindmarsh MPHWP, 2013, p.16). Promotion via social media and newsletters of physical activities offered within Shire. Developing and improving existing and new recreational programs and activities. Creation of environments that encourage engagement in physical activity(Hindmarsh MPHWP, 2013, p.17). Provide counselling sessions that are youth focused for parents and students. Offer support for Wimmera Uniting Cares Rural and Remote Engagement Officer. Support and promotion of Men's shed as a meeting place for men within Shire. Offer counselling and support for assisting hardship from drought/flood/fire as well as other emergencies(Hindmarsh MPHWP, 2013, p.19). Support young people employment and education opportunities: Continue with providing awards to the secondary colleges located in Shire. Identify youth that are not in employment or engaged in education(Hindmarsh MPHWP, 2013, p.19). The aim of preventive health services is the early detection and management of health problems or provision of information to people that will enable them make the right health decisions. These include lifestyle modifications interventions and use of medication where necessary to delay, manage, or prevent disease (VicPHWP, 2015, p.51). By offering culturally appropriate and accessible preventive healthcare services to the populace in Shire council, the administration will make an important contribution toward reducing obesity prevalence. Community health and primary care play a critical role however, it is also recognised that nearly all interactions that take place within health professionals and healthcare services offer an opportunity for preventive advice on a person centred level. This includes health literacy promotion and encouraging healthy behaviours(VicPHWP,2015, p.51). For lifelong health optimisation and also engagement with health system, the Shire populace needs to manage their wellbeing and health through confidence, skills, and knowledge. When the populace is un-informed there are negative outcomes that are bound to emerge including increased hospitalizations, increased emergency care use, decreased use of preventive services such as flu shots and cancer screening, reduced ability of health systems navigation, and reduced ability for individual and family health self management(VicPHWP,2015, p.51). Support of different groups of people across diverse settings is also important . These groups should be encouraged and supported to engage in activities that will allow broader improvement of health, recognise the different challenges that low income populations face, and providing additional support to them(VicPHWP,2015, p.51) Conclusion Obesity is a global health concern and one of the leading cause of premature deaths among adult population. The percentage of men that tend to be obese or overweight is higher compared to that of women both on a global scale and local scale with regard to Hindmarsh council. The need for person centered care cannot be over emphasized when it comes to informing and educating people on making healthy decisions. Fir the levels of obesity to drop in Shire council, the administration needs to take decisive steps in educating its populace on living healthy and provide resources that will enable them do so. References American Heart Association, (2016). Overweight in Children. https://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/HealthyLiving/HealthyKids/ChildhoodObesity/Overweight-in-Children_UCM_304054_Article.jsp#.WO_cM_mGPIU. Retrieved on13th April 2017. Australian Bureau of Statistics, (2013a). 2011 Census of Population and Housing: Country of Birth Profile, Victoria, 2013, cat. no. 2010.2, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Canberra. Australian Bureau of Statistics, (2013b). Profiles of Health, Australia, 201113, cat.no. 4338.0, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Canberra. Australian Bureau of Statistics, (2013c). Australian Health Survey: Updated Results 20112012, cat. no. 4364.0.55.003, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Canberra. Australian Bureau of Statistics, (2015). National Health Survey: first results, 201415. Cat. no. 4364.0.55.001. Canberra: ABS. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, (2016). Australia's Health: Overweight and Obesity. (Retrieved on13th April 2017). Available online at: https://www.aihw.gov.au/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=60129556760. BBC News (2016). Obesity 'puts men at greater risk of early death.' (Retrieved on 13th April 2017). Available online at: https://www.bbc.com/news/health-36783235. Department of Education and Training, (2015a). 2014 Victorian Student Health and Wellbeing Survey (About You), State Government of Victoria, Melbourne. Department of Education and Training, (2015b). Victorian Child Health and Wellbeing Survey: Summary findings 2013, State Government of Victoria, Melbourne. Department of Health and Human Services Victoria,(2015). Victorian public health and wellbeing plan 20152019, Department of Health and Human Services Victoria. (Retrieved on 13th April 2017).https://www2.health.vic.gov.au/about/health-strategies/public-health-wellbeing-plan. Department of Health, (2014c). Victorian Population Health Survey 201112, survey findings, State Government of Victoria, Melbourne. Diamond, L., (2010). Links between obesity and mental health. Clinical Advisor.(Retrieved on 13th April 2017). Available online at: https://www.clinicaladvisor.com/features/links-between-obesity-and-mental-health/article/164957/. Ekelund U, Besson H, Luan J, et al.,(2011). Physical activity and gain in abdominal adiposity and body weight: prospective cohort study in 288,498 men and women.Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 93:826835 Friedenreich CM, Neilson HK, Lynch BM., (2010). State of the epidemiological evidence on physical activity and cancer prevention.Eur. J. Cancer. 46:25932604 Hahn V, Halle M, Schmidt-Trucksss A, et al., (2009). Physical activity and the metabolic syndrome in elderly German men and women. Results from the population-based KORA-survey.Diabetes Care.32:511513. Hindmarsh Shire Council (MPHWP), (2013). https://www.hindmarsh.vic.gov.au/Page/Download.asp?name=MPHWP_Final_Nov_2013_v2.pdfsize=732116link=../Files/MPHWP_Final_Nov_2013_v2.pdf Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, (2013). Global Burden of Disease (GBD). Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle.(Retrieved on 13th April 2017) Available online at: https://www.healthdata.org/australia /. Ledoux,T. A,Hingle M.D, Baranowski, T., (2011). Relationship of fruit and vegetable intake with adiposity: a systematic review. Obes Rev: 12(5):e143-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2010.00786.x. Lee, H., Harris, K. M., Gordon-Larsen, P., (2009). Life Course Perspectives on the Links Between Poverty and Obesity During the Transition to Young Adulthood.Population Research and Policy Review,28(4), 505532. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-008-9115-4 Strasser, B., (2013). Physical activity in obesity and metabolic syndrome.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,1281(1), 141159. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06785.x World Health Organization, (2016). Obesity and Overweight Fact Sheet'. (Retrieved on13th April 2017). Available online at: .https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/.

Important Presidential Elections Analysis Essay Example For Students

Important Presidential Elections Analysis Essay 1812The election of 1812 consisted of a battle between James Madison, and DeWitt Clinton. Madison had represented both Democratic and Republicanbeliefs, while Clinton was a Federalist. James Madison was born in Port Conway, Va., on March 16, 1751. APrinceton graduate, he joined the struggle for independence on his returnto Virginia in 1771. He had been an active politician in the 1770s and1780s. He was greatly know for championing the Jefferson reform program,and in the Continental Congress. Madison, in collaboration, hadparticipated greatly in the, Federalist, a paper whos main purpose was toratify the constitution. Madison first became president in 1809, when hebested Charles C. Pickney. He had led the U.S. in a very unpopular war, inwhich the U.S. hadnt been prepared forthe War of 1812. De Witt Clinton was a Federalist, whos main purpose of the election wasto get the U.S. out of a war in which he felt was very unnecessary. DeWittheld every major elective office in New York between 1797 and1828assemblyman, senator, mayor of New York City, lieutenant governor,and governor. He was a philanthropist and patron of the arts and scienceand, as canal commissioner, champi oned construction of the Erie andChamplain canals The method in which these candidates received nomination was by theElectoral College, or by King Caucus. The idea of political conventionshad not been present at this time. There were no third-party candidates inthis election. The major issue of this election was the War of 1812. The War of 1812, orMr. Madisons War, had been very unpopular among different sections ofAmerica. Mainly the ship owners in New England. The war was supposed toprotect. This war was supposed to help their shipping, but instead, it hadkept them from trading and making money. The winner of the election of 1812 was James Madison. Madison collected128 electoral votes, while Clinton received 89, and the number of No VotesCast was 1. The Vice-presidential candidate, who won the election wasElbridge Gerry, who received 131 electoral votes, while Jared Ingersollreceived 86. There was no record of the number of popular votes for thiselection. My opinion of why Madison had won the election is because he had led thecountry into the War of 1812, and therefore, he should be allowed to fightit. He was also much more popular than De Witt Clinton. Madisons part inratifying the Constitution, and his other early deeds, were alsoinfluential on the voters minds. He also did pretty well during his firstterm. 1844The candidates for the election of 1844 were James K. Polk, and HenryClay. Two very respectable men, who had great plans for the U.S. Polkrepresented the Democratic party, while Clay represented the Whigs. James Knox Polk was born in Mecklenburg County, N.C., on November 2, 1795. He graduated from the University of North Carolina, from which he thenmoved to Tennessee, where he became prominent in state politics. He waselected to the house of representatives in 1825. He was elected Speaker ofthe House in 1835. Four years later, he was elected governor of Tennessee,but was beaten in tries for re-election in 1841, and 1843. Martin VanBuren, the president prior to the 1844 election, counted on Polk as hisrunning mate; but when Van Burens stand on Texas alienated Southernsupport, the convention swung to Polk on the Ninth ballot. Henry Clay, a key figure in U.S. politics during the first half of the19th century, was a master of the art of political compromise. Born inHanover County, Va., on April 12, 1777, he studied law in Richmond andmoved to the frontier state of Kentucky in 1797. Clay became more and moreimportant in Kentucky politics, becoming speaker of the state assembly in1807, and winning election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1811. Clay made his first try for the presidency in 1824. Four men ran,including Andrew Jackson, were on the ballot. When no candidate won amajority, Clay threw his support to John Quincy Adams. Adams won andpromptly named Clay his secretary of state. The party members won their candidacy by primary. The major upset of thistime happened during the Democratic convention. Everyone expected VanBuren to be named the Democratic candidate, but because of Van Burensstand on Texas, the nomination went to Polk. This election had nothird-party candidates. The major issue of this election was the issue of Texas. Polk and theDemocrats, wanted Texas in the Union. Clay also wanted Texas, but he wasafraid that the acquisition of Texas would lead to war with Mexico. Claynever made it clear just where the Whig party stood. The Oregon territoryhad also been a big part of this election. Oregon was the name given toall the land between Alaska and California, west of the Rocky Mountains. Both Great Britain and the U.S. claimed it. Polk said that the Oregonterritory would be Americas, even if it led to war. The winner of the election was James K. Polk. He pulled in 170 electoralvotes, while Henry Clay received 105. There is no record of the number ofpopular votes for this election. My opinion of why Polk won this election is because of his stand on land. He believed greatly in Manifest Destiny, and this was very popular at thetime. Clay, and the Whig party never made it clear as to where they stoodon Texas. Perhaps if the voters had known for sure on which side of theline they stood, this election might have had a different outcome. 1912The election of 1912 was a three-man race between Theodore Roosevelt, whowas a Progressive, William H. Taft, a Republican, and Woodrow Wilson, aDemocrat. Each one had their own ideas on how to change America, but onlyone would get a chance to do so. Born in NYC on October in 1858, Theodore Roosevelt was a Harvard graduate. His interests included ranching, politics, and writing. Roosevelt was aRepublican member of the New York assembly from 1882-1884. He was anunsuccessful candidate for mayor of NYC in 1886, but became policecommissioner of NYC in 1895. Roosevelt assumed the job of president in1901, after the assassination of McKinley. Theodore Roosevelt embarkedmainly on conserving natural resources. He was very anit-big-buisness. After his term was up, he was defeated in presidential primary as aRepublican, so he chose to start his own party, known as theProgressives. Teddy pulled most of the votes in election of 1912, butthe split between him and Taft caused Wilson to become president. common EssayWhy F.D.R. won the election in my opinion is because he was a greatpresident. The American people loved him, and his style of government. Hegained the trust of the American people, by getting them out of the GreatDepression. That is why he was elected to the presidency more than anyother president before his time. 1964The election of 1964 was a contest between Lyndon B. Johnson, a Democrat,and Barry M. Goldwater, a Republican. Johnson was born on August 27, 1908, near Johnson City, Texas, the eldestson of Sam Early Johnson, Jr., and Rebekah Baines Johnson. Johnsonattended public schools in Johnson City and received a B.S. degree fromSouthwest Texas State Teachers College in San Marcos. He then taught for ayear in Houston before going to Washington in 1931 as secretary to aDemocratic Texas congressman, Richard M. Kleberg. In 1933, Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected President. Johnson greatly admired the president,who named him, at age 27, to head the National Youth Administration inTexas. In 1937, Johnson sought and won a Texas seat in Congress, where hemastered public works, reclamation, and public power programs. When warcame to Europe he backed Roosevelts efforts to aid the Allies. DuringWorld War II he served a brief tour of active duty with the U.S. Navy inthe Pacific, but returned to Capitol Hill when Roosevelt recalled membersof Congress from active duty. Johnson continued to support Rooseveltsmilitar y and foreign-policy programs.In 1953 he won the job of SenateDemocratic leader. The next year he was easily reelected as senator andreturned to Washington as majority leader, a post he held for the next 6years despite a serious heart attack in 1955. Barry Morris Goldwater, born in Phoenix, Arizona on January 1, 1909, wasthe unsuccessful Republican presidential candidate in 1964. Goldwater waselected to the Senate from Arizona in 1952. A firm conservative, he becamea spokesman for right-wing Republicans in their campaign against biggovernment, advocating instead greater state and local powers. Hevigorously opposed federal welfare appropriations as socialistic and soughtto curb public ownership of utilities. A strong anti-Communist, Goldwatersupported American military intervention in Vietnam and criticized effortsto achieve detente with the USSR. He was decisively defeated by LyndonJohnson in the 1964 presidential election. Goldwater served in the Senateuntil retirement in 1987. Each candidate won his nomination by a Presidential Convention, with theprocess of primary elections. There were no third-party candidates in thiselection. The main issue of this election was civil rights. Many people opposedLyndon B. Johnsons laws, claiming them to be too pro-black. Manyliberals and blacks themselves believed that the laws didnt go far enough. Race riots broke out in a number of cities because of these conflicts. The winner of the election was Johnson, by a landslide. He brought in apopular vote total of 43,129,484, and an electoral vote total of 486. Goldwater, on the other hand, won a popular vote total of 27,178,188, andan electoral vote total of 52. The reason Johnson won the election of 1964, in my opinion is because ofhis prior term. He was able to regain control of the White House, aftertaking over for the assassinated John F. Kennedy. It was a time ofequality and civil rights, and many people liked and agreed with where hestood on these issues. 1988The election of 1988 was a contest between George Bush, and MichaelDukakis. Bush was a Republican, while Dukakis was a Democrat. Born on June 12, 1924, in Milton, Massachusetts, to Dorothy Walker Bush,daughter of a wealthy investor, and Prescott Sheldon Bush, a banker andlater Republican U.S. senator from Connecticut, George Bush grew up in theNew York City suburb of Greenwich, Connecticut and attended PhillipsAcademy in Andover, Mass. During World War II he became the navysyoungest bomber pilot. Shot down over the Pacific island of Chichi Jimaand rescued by a submarine, he was awarded the Distinguished Flying Crossand three Air Medals. In 1945 he married Barbara Pierce and thenmatriculated at Yale University, where he majored in economics, was captainof the baseball team, and graduated with Phi Beta Kappa honors in 1948. Michael Stanley Dukakis, born in Brookline, Massachusetts, November 3,1933, a three-term governor of Massachusetts, was the Democraticpresidential candidate in 1988. The son of immigrants from Greece, Dukakisgraduated from Swarthmore College and Harvard Law School. He was electedto the Massachusetts legislature in 1962, serving four terms. Electedgovernor of Massachusetts in 1974, Dukakis was denied re-nomination in1978. Re-elected in 1982 and 1986, he claimed credit for part of theperiods economic resurgencethe Massachusetts miracle. The stateseconomy had soured when he declined to run again in 1990. Stressingcompetence over ideology, Dukakis campaigned for the presidency in 1988in a manner that many observers found uninspiring. He and his runningmate, Sen. Lloyd Bensten of Texas, lost to the Republican team, George Bushand Dan Quayle, by 46% to 54% of the popular vote. After leaving office asgovernor of Massachusetts, Dukakis declared that he planned to do somelecturing and teachin g, as well as encouraging young people to enter publicservice. Each candidate in this election was elected by the process of primaryelections, and nominated at their Presidential Convention. There were nothird-party candidates in this election. The main issue of this election was taxes. Bushs promise of no newtaxes won over the American public. Bush won the election with a popular vote total of 48,886,097, and anelectoral vote of 426. Dukakis received a popular vote total of41,809,074, and an electoral vote total of 111. The reason Bush won the election in my opinion was because of his promiseof no new taxes. The American people just came off of a Regan High,with good economic times. People thought the things would remain like theydid during the Reagan Era if they elected Bush. The most important election in my opinion of all of these was theelection of 1812. America was heading into a war which we werent preparedfor. This was a crucial time for someone to take the reigns, and leadAmerica into a situation in which we would come out on top. Madison wasthe right man for the job, at such a crucial time in American History. Category: History

How to Open a Bank Account free essay sample

Now-a-days, most of the people keep money in bank to make the money secure and as well as for profit motive through interest. For various kinds of people there are various kinds of bank account such as savings A/C, current A/C etc. Since our assignment is through savings A/C plan on Bank Asia Limited, so we are discussing below about it. Bank Asia Limited is a scheduled commercial bank in the private sector established under the Banking Company Act 1991 and incorporated in Bangladesh as a public limited company under the Companies Act 1994 to carry out banking business in Bangladesh. If we want to have a well-rounded savings plan, we will need to know how to open a savings account. Since there are several options, it might seem confusing regarding which one to select. However, the process itself is not complicated. This assignment includes the steps necessary to open a savings account in Bank Asia Limited. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Open a Bank Account or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Savings accounts are accounts maintained by retail financial institutions that pay interest but cannot be used directly as money (for example, by writing a cheque). These accounts let customers set aside a portion of their liquid assets while earning a monetary return. For the bank, money in a savings account may not be callable immediately and therefore often does not incur a reserve requirement freeing up cash from the banks vault to be lent out with interest. One of the most basic tools that we can use to help manage and further our savings goals is, of course, a savings account. Not only do savings accounts provide a safe, secure and convenient place for us to store the money youre putting into the account, they can also (in certain instances) help build our savings with interest. If we dont have a savings account, and we want one, it may be the perfect time to set one up. If we already have a savings account, keep reading to make sure that we have the right one to meet our needs. Many people are under the impression that savings accounts are offered by banks and only banks. This is not so. One prime example of an exception is a credit union. To do a little research on our own will help prepare us to go to our financial institution of choice and feel confident when we sit across the desk from the employee who will be helping us. We should not hesitate to ask questions. The personnel in charge of new accounts should not only answer all our questions, they should also let us know if they offer more than one product. That is, more than one type of savings account. On the end, we have to be well prepared with some personal documentation (National ID Card, referee’s photographs as well as the A/C holders) and take it with us. What Is An Interest Rate? The main benefit of a savings account is the interest that we can collect on the money we have in the account. The bank (or other) will calculate our balance on a consistent basis and add interest money to the account. People often wonder why they are willing to do this. Heres how it works. For the privilege of using our money to lend to others (while we are saving it but not using it), banks will pay us a percentage of interest on the money that we choose to keep with them. For instance, if our interest rate is 1% and we have $1,000 in your account, then we will earn $10 each year that we have our money in the account. This is based on the bank doing their calculations only once a year.

What Is a Business School Sample Essay Application?

What Is a Business School Sample Essay Application?The Business School Sample Essay Application is a common requirement of the Business School Admission Test. It helps students know about the structure of the test, what it looks like and what questions will be asked on it. It is also important to ensure that a good grasp of English grammar is there and you can read and write well.The Application forms for the BSC are based on the same format as other standardized tests and the student's essay is no exception. This makes it a difficult task for the student to prepare for and write the application correctly. An essay which is written poorly will not serve any purpose.The first and foremost thing a student has to remember is that the Business School Essay Application Form is designed for easy reading and writing. A student should be able to follow instructions completely. The essay should be free from grammatical errors and should not only cover all the topics of the BSC but should also cover all other subjects that relate to the topic chosen. This will help the student put the learning process together and come up with a well rounded essay which is truly an asset to the student.The essay should be clear, succinct and make good use of the right vocabulary. If the essay uses too many irrelevant and unfamiliar terms then it will be quite difficult to comprehend the gist of the whole essay. Sometimes students can use the wrong words and fail to use the right ones. Writing in English helps as well as being fluent in the language.The Business School Sample Essay Application is very brief. The essay should only cover one topic and the sample format is usually very short and direct. This is meant to be very concise.A student should ensure that the essay is free from any grammatical errors and proper grammar should be used. Grammar will assist in making a good paper and will help the student apply themselves. The same goes for the spelling and the punctuation of the essay . Care needs to be taken in these areas so that the essay will not make any blunders.Students should avoid using all caps or italics in the title of the essay or any other part of the paper as this will render the whole paper unreadable. Use the correct wordings of the words and always make sure that the sentences flow in an orderly manner.The Business School Sample Essay Application will often come with sample essays. The college has set up a set of rules for the student to follow and a clear structure which they want to see followed. The essay can follow this outline and style without making mistakes and the student will be able to move on to the next test without too much loss of time and effort.

On December 10, 1986 The Greater New York Section Of The American Inst

On December 10, 1986 the Greater New York Section of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) and the engineering section of the New York Academy of Sciences jointly presented a program on mining the planets. Speakers were Greg Maryniak of the Space Studies Institute (SSI) and Dr. Carl Peterson of the Mining and Excavation Research Institute of M.I.T. Maryniak spoke first and began by commenting that the quintessential predicament of space flight is that everything launched from Earth must be accelerated to orbital velocity. Related to this is that the traditional way to create things in space has been to manufacture them on Earth and then launch them into orbit aboard large rockets. The difficulty with this approach is the huge cost-per-pound of boosting anything out of this planet's gravity well. Furthermore, Maryniak noted, since (at least in the near to medium term) the space program must depend upon the government for most of its funding, for this economic d rawback necessarily translates into a political problem. Maryniak continued by noting that the early settlers in North America did not attempt to transport across the Atlantic everything then needed to sustain them in the New World. Rather they brought their tools with them and constructed their habitats from local materials. Hence, he suggested that the solution to the dilemma to which he referred required not so much a shift in technology as a shift in thinking. Space, he argued, should be considered not as a vacuum, totally devoid of everything. Rather, it should be regarded as an ocean, that is, a hostile environment but one having resources. Among the resources of space, he suggested, are readily available solar power and potential surface mines on the Moon and later other celestial bodies as well. The Moon, Maryniak stated, contains many useful materials. Moreover, it is twenty-two times easier to accelerate a payload to lunar escape velocity than it is to accelerate the ident ical mass out of the EarthUs gravity well. As a practical matter the advantage in terms of the energy required is even greater because of the absence of a lunar atmosphere. Among other things this permits the use of devices such as electromagnetic accelerators (mass drivers) to launch payloads from the MoonUs surface. Even raw Lunar soil is useful as shielding for space stations and other space habitats. At present, he noted, exposure to radiation will prevent anyone for spending a total of more than six months out of his or her entire lifetime on the space station. At the other end of the scale, Lunar soil can be processed into its constituent materials. In between steps are also of great interest. For example, the MoonUs soil is rich in oxygen, which makes up most of the mass of water and rocket propellant. This oxygen could be RcookedS out of the Lunar soil. Since most of the mass of the equipment which would be necessary to accomplish this would consist of relatively low technol ogy hardware, Maryniak suggested the possibility that at least in the longer term the extraction plant itself could be manufactured largely on the Moon. Another possibility currently being examined is the manufacture of glass from Lunar soil and using it as construction material. The techniques involved, according to Maryniak, are crude but effective. (In answer to a question posed by a member of the audience after the formal presentation, Maryniak stated that he believed the brittle properties of glass could be overcome by using glass-glass composites. He also suggested yet another possibility, that of using Lunar soil as a basis of concrete.) One possible application of such Moon-made glass would be in glass-glass composite beams. Among other things, these could be employed as structural elements in a solar power satellite (SPS). While interest in the SPS has waned in this country, at least temporarily, it is a major focus of attention in the U.S.S. R. , Western Europe and Japan. In particular, the Soviets have stated that they will build an SPS by the year 2000 (although they plan on using Earth launched materials. Similarly the Japanese are conducting SPS related sounding rocket tests. SSI studies have suggested that more than 90%, and perhaps as much

Why You Must Try Self-Publishing

Have you been plodding the path of traditional publishing? Trying to find an agent or publisher to look at your work, with no success? Is your ego bruised and beaten from the constant rejection? Well, if you’ve had it up to here with the battering from conventional publishing companies, read on for a solution to your woes. Really, why do we persist in pursuing something so painful when the option of self-publishing is now so readily available? Gone are the days of the misunderstood author who can’t catch a break. Today, a writer can take on the responsibility and control of their publishing destiny, independent of agents, publishers and poor royalties. Excited? Then, let’s explore why an author would want to do that, and how. Creative Control When you choose to self-publish, you and your resources are responsible for the input of all creative content. This means you’ll be involved in every step of the production process with complete authority to create what you like, when you like. You’ll be making decisions about: writing proofreading editing formatting artwork, illustrations, and book covers budgets release dates marketing and promotions With traditional publishing, the author is usually only involved in the first two points, writing and proofreading. As an independently published author, you have full control over all aspects of getting your book to market. That doesn’t mean you have to do everything yourself, of course. One of the common themes of the successful indie author is the recommendation to hire professionals to handle some of the aesthetics. Formatting, artwork and book covers can all be successfully contracted out to industry experts if you don’t have the inclination or skills to do the work yourself. The point is to have a polished product that meets a high standard of professionalism – you want your book to look its best. Business Control As an indie author you retain all rights to your work and control the destiny of your business. Copyright, reprinting and distribution remain within the scope of your business domain. And as the business owner, you’ll have full authority over the following: Imprinting. You’ll need to establish a business identity if you plan on selling any of your books, as you then become a retailer. Price point. What price will you determine for your work? This article from Jane Litte at dearauthor.com has some interesting insights and observations on digital pricing. Budgets. Determine your budgets for any contracting services as well as marketing and promotions, because initially they’ll be coming out of your pocket. Until your sales with decent royalties fill the coffers again, that is. Publishing platform. You get to choose which of the self-publishing platforms will best serve your needs. You get paid monthly. Any distribution outlets that carry your books, such as Amazon, Barnes Nobel, Borders etc., will pay out on royalties on a monthly basis. Faster Publication A common complaint about old-fashioned publishing is the length of time it takes from signing a contract, to when the book arrives in the stores. An eighteen to twenty four months time frame is not uncommon. And that’s after the time it took to find an agent and a publisher. If your material is of a time sensitive nature, such as technology, medicine, science or current events, that’s simply too long. With self-publishing, you can have your published book ready for purchase within days or weeks you determine the pace. You Pocket the Profits Traditional publishers pay anywhere from between 6 – 25% royalties. As a self- published author, you keep 100% of the profits if you sell direct. Outlets such as Amazon pay up to 70% royalties on sales (if priced in their golden mean of between $2.99 and $9.99, royalties drop to 35% above or below those prices). If you want an idea of what royalties will come your way at each price point, check out the Amazon Royalties Estimator in the sidebar of Joe Konrath’s blog. It’s great for dreaming big. Steps to Self-Publishing If you’ve made the bold decision to go down the self-publishing route, congratulations! You’re in for quite a trip! And the following partial list taken from A Newbie’s Guide to Self Publishing by J.A. Konrath will help you on your way. Set your goal. First establish why you’re publishing to decide how to publish. This step will determine which self-publishing model to choose from; print-on-demand, vanity, subsidy, etc. Determine your price point. Do some research for pricing in your genre to decide where in Smashword’s sweet spot price range, your book will best be suited. Format your book. Do it yourself or hire someone. But if you plan on selling your book, do remember that appearances count. That first impression is important, so give your book a professional look and show that you mean business. Design your book cover. Lots of fun in this creative step, but again, maintain a high standard of professionalism at all stages. Write your product description. Pack your description with pertinent info and similar in style to that of others in your genre. Publish and publicize. Upload your digital version to the platform of your choice, and use social media to announce your release dates. Sure, there are more initial costs to self-publishing a book than with an established publishing house, and you do have all the responsibilities. It takes a lot of time, effort and energy to publish independently, but so does any solo entrepreneurial effort. It’s a business, and if you treat it as such you’ll enjoy the profits that come with running a successful business. And while self-publishing may not appeal to all writers, isn’t it great to know that the option exists if you do want to take control of your own publication empire?